The first reliable mention of the settlement dates from 1275, in a document of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary, when the village ( Villa Kulusvar ) was granted to the Bishop of Transylvania. This new village was settled by large groups of Transylvanian Saxons, encouraged during the reign of Crown Prince Stephen, Duke of Transylvania. King Stephen I made the city the seat of the castle county of Kolozs, and King Saint Ladislaus I of Hungary founded the abbey of Cluj-Mntur ( Kolozsmonostor ), destroyed during the Tatar invasions in 12.Īs for the civilian colony, a castle and a village were built to the northwest of the ancient Napoca no later than the late 12th century. There are no references to urban settlement on the site for the better part of a millennium thereafter. The colonia was evacuated in 274 by the Romans. Napoca became a provincial capital of Dacia Porolissensis and thus the seat of a procurator. Later, in the 2nd century AD, 26 the city gained the status of a colonia as Colonia Aurelia Napoca. In Yiddish it is known as ( Klazin ) or (Kloyznburg). The full name is rarely used outside of official contexts.
In 1974, the Romanian Communist authorities added -Napoca back to the citys name as a nationalist gesture, emphasising its pre-Roman roots.
Possible etymologies for Napoca or Napuca include the names of some Dacian tribes such as the Naparis or Napaei, the Greek term napos (), meaning timbered valley or the Indo-European root sn-p- ( Pokorny 971-2), to flow, to swim, damp. The boundaries of the municipality contain an area of 179.52 square kilometres (69.31 sq mi).Īn analysis undertaken by the real estate agency Profesional Casa indicates that, because of infrastructure development, communes such as Feleacu, Vlcele, Mrtineti, Jucu and Baciu will eventually become neighbourhoods of the city, thereby enlarging its area.Īmong other institutions, it hosts the countrys largest university, Babe-Bolyai University, with its famous botanical garden nationally renowned cultural institutions as well as the largest Romanian-owned commercial bank.Īccording to the American magazine InformationWeek, Cluj-Napoca is quickly becoming Romanias technopolis.Īfter the AD 106 Roman conquest of the area, the place was known as Municipium Aelium Hadrianum Napoca. Michaels Church in Unirii Square, built in the 14th century and named after the Archangel Michael, the patron saint of Cluj-Napoca.
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